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FAQs >
Water Supply |
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Q.
What general considerations, we should have while laying out the
pipelines?
Carpet Area: This is the area of the apartment/building,
which does not include the area covered by the walls. Built up
Area: The carpet area plus the area of the walls. Super Built up
Area: This includes the built up area along with the area under
common spaces such as the lobby, lifts, stairs, etc. |
| A) |
The lines
should be so laid that there is no risk
contamination of water supply. For this,
following three things are necessary – |
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a) |
No cross
connection anywhere between pipes carrying
potable water carrying waste water. |
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b) |
No back flow from
any appliance towards the source of supply. |
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c) |
Water supply pipes
and waste water pipes (drainage pipes) not
to be laid very close to each other. |
| B) |
Pipelines
should be properly protected against any
damage.
Underground pipeline should be enclosed
in a cement mortar and have sufficient earth
cover.
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| C) |
Pipe network
should be simple and straight as far as
possible. |
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Q.
How much water do we require for daily consumption and storage?
For residential buildings, water requirement of 135 liters
per head per day may be assumed. For example, for four persons,
we should plan storing and consuming 4x135 = 540 liters of water
everyday. |
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Q.
What kind of materials one should use in laying pipelines?
There are many options like copper/brass pipe, galvanized
iron (GI) pipes, plastic pipes etc. However, GI pipes are more
commonly used in India. |
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Q.
What is a service pipe? What should be its diameter?
The pipe leading from the distribution mains of the
municipal water supply to the plumbing system of the house is
known as the service pipe. As a general yardstick, the diameter
of the service pipe can be fixed on the basis of occupants in
the house, as given in the following table- |
| No. of occupants |
4 |
8 |
24 |
60 |
| Diameter of service pipe (mm) |
12.5 |
20 |
25 |
30 |
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Q.
How should we design our storage tanks?
The water supply to a building may either be continuous or
intermittent. Even in the case of continuous supply in the
mains, the pressure of water may not be sufficient to raise the
water to all the floors of the building. In either case, storage
tanks are required. The storage tanks may be situated either at
the ground level, or at the roof level or at the both levels. If
the pressure of the water is sufficient to raise the water to
the roof level, storage tank is provided only at the roof level,
so as to store water because of intermittent supplies. If the
pressure of water is not sufficient, water is first stored at a
ground level tank, from where it is pumped to the top storage
tank.
A storage tank may be made of mild steel plates or reinforced
concrete or brick masonry or plastic. It should have accessories
like top cover, valve with ball float assembly to control the
inflow of water, over flow pipe in case float assembly fails,
supply or inlet pipe for water to admit in to the tank, outlet
pipe and drain pipe to clean the water periodically.
The capacity of storage tank depends on following factors – |
a)
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Supply hours from the mains,
with sufficient pressure. |
b)
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Frequency with which the tank can be refilled
during 24 hours. |
| c) |
Rate and regularity of supply. |
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For example, in case if the example given in the previous
question, if water supply is once a day only and for not a
considerable period, it would be advisable that the entire daily
requirement of 540 liters be stored in the tank and consumed
later. Therefore, the capacity of the tank in this case would be
540 liters. |
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Q.
Are there any effects if the water pipes are concealed in the
walls?
Only small diameter pipes used for supply of water for domestic
purpose can be concealed. During the laying of pipes care should
be taken to see that the nodes or the joints are properly fixed
without any chance of leakage. But it is always recommended to
conceal pipes only in unavoidable situations and limit it to
small lengths. |
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